Hot and cold water mixer



Jan. 6, 1925. 1,522,120

F. W. HALDER HOT AND COLD WATER MIXER `Filed April' 15, 1924 l ATTORNEYPatented Jan. e, 41925..

UNITE STATES u I1,522,120 PATE-NT oFFIEi.

FRED W. Hamann, `or*,roiatrraulna OREGON.

HOT'AND COLD Application filed Apri 1 15,

To all whom t mag/concevmrf Be it known that .LFRED W. HALDER, a citizenof the United States of America, and a resident ofthe cityof Portland,in the county of Multnomah and State of Oregon, have invented a new anduseful Improvement in Hot and God Water'Mixers, ofwhich the following isa specification, such as will enable others-skilled in the art to which,it pertains to makethe same, reference being had .to the accompanyingdrawings, which form a part of this specification.

Myinvention relates to hot and cold water mixers for bath, shampoo, andother 'lavatory fixtures. and provides a device for effectivelycontrolling and uniformly mixing the hot l and cold water to any desiredtemperature.

One of the\objects is to providea mixing chamber` into which both thehot and cold water will be injected with a whirling motion by means ofand through two curved inlet ducts or pipes, and which will vdischargetherefrom hot, cold, -or tempered water, by meansvof and through thevshower or bathtub pipes.. l

Another object of this device is to provide a mixer of less'parts moresim le in construction and operation, and capa le of being attacheda't-less expense than most other similar devices. heretofore patented. v

' A further object of my inventionis to pro- Vide a mixer of thischaracter whereby the two curved inlet ducts or pipes with their freeends perforated discharge the water in opposite directions within themixing cham- `ber thereby resulting because of the location of the freeends of said inlet ducts in neithercurrent having a component directlyop osino or retarding its flow, which avoids the x sudden jerking andconsequent noise noted in many ordinary mixers where the 4currentsimpact upon each other directly from opposite directions. This isespecially notice'- able when the hot Water is injected at a hightemperature.

Further objects of the invention as well as the advantages thereof inactual use will be more fully comprehended from the specificationsdescribing the same and as hereinafter claimed.

In the accompanying drawing,-

Figure 1 is a front elevation ofthe assembled device showing connectionswith the several pipes and valves, and with a part of theyvall of themixing chamber broken away. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the mixWATER. man. 924. seriai mi. 706,762.

cts or inlet illustrating the two curved p1 v nesthe drawings I haveshown for the salte of simplicity Vthe mixing chamber connected with abath tub and Shower fixture whereinL like reference characters indicatellike parts in all the figures. The device, however, may

be connected with any known kind of bath or I lavatory fixture toprovide for shampoo, needle-spray, douche, and other baths.Y f

" In the device shown in Fig. 1, the hollow.

casting or mixing-chamber 1 is preferably 'cylindrical in form, and isprovided with threaded hot water' inletV pipe 2, and a threaded A coldwater inlet pipe 3 attached thereto, to which in'turn are attachedhotwater valve 4 and cold water valve 5, operated by respective hand-grips12 to open and close these valves, thereby permitting or `o'bstructingatwill the low of water. These valves and handrnake or kind.

ot water supply pi 6 and cold watersupply pipe 7 connect wit valves 4and 5 respectively.

The interior of mixing chamber or casting'- 1. Figs. 1 and 2,islprovided with two discharge ducts or pipes 8 .shown integral with thecasting. v Near the free ends of du'c'ts Bare provided holes orperforations shown at 15, inclined'-toward .the main voutlet thereof.Said ducts 8 may be constructed without such perforations, but in eithercase the ends forming'the outlet thereof must be beyond the openings-inpipes 10 and 11 hereinafter further described. Duets or pipes -8 areplaced diametrically opposite each other and form a continuation ofwater inlet pipes 2v and `3' respectively, and are purposely made tofollow the inner periphery of the casting` 1, diverging, however, fromthe central plane as indicated at 9 oneach pipe 8 for a purposehereinafter more fully explained.

Casing 1 is also provided with two threaded outletV pipes, the upperoutlet pipe 10 being the means for su plying water for an overheadshower, an the lower outlet pipe 11 is the means for vsupplying water tothe bath tub. Attached to outlet pipes 10 andl 11 are control valves 13and .14 respectively, ,lwith hand-grips 12 similar tc those on controlsupply valves 4 and' 5 for the purpose of turning on orshuttmg od thewater issuing from the mixing chamber 1 after being evenly mixedtherein.

Referring now to Fig.. 2, 1t 1s seen that ips may be of Aany known' theducts 8 pass on oppositesides of the i axis of ipes 10 and 11respectively, and extend a s ort distance beyond the outlet openings insaid pipes and 11, which results motion to the water vas-ity comesl fromeit er or both of pipes 2 1 and 3, insuringlan even mixing before it caner of the outlet passages.

'- n mixing chamber 1 thereby producing a res'ult in which neithercurrent has a com` onentv directly opposing or retarding its ow, whicheffectively avoids the sudden jerking and consequent explosive poundingnoise so frequently noted in many ordinary mixers, which occurs when thecurrents imact'upon eachother directly from opposite v irections,especially when the hot water is injected at a high temperature. In thattype also when one branch is discharging a larger rpantity of water orat a greater velocity t a the other, its momentum or dynamicyhea is thegreater and the sudden stopping of this velocity or a component of thevelocity causesv a change of dynamic or K velocity head into a statichead which creates in turn aback pressure upon the one of lesser flow,which is a function of its velocity, so it can readily be seen thatthevr lesser flow is controlled by these factors, that is it is-not adirect function of the opening o its valve, hence the flow of the'lesser will not be uniform for a uniforml opening of the valve, but willbe either accelerated or retarded bythe quantity Howing from the largerintake pipe. These conditions are effectively eliminated by having thetwo curved ducts 8 disrhar e in opposite directions within the chamer ata point ast either of the outlet passages through pipes 10 and 11. Thismuch to be desired result i is also assisted by providing holes orperforations shown at 15 near ends of each free end of ducts 8, whichholes are inclined toward the outlet thereof. The result 'is a decidedadvantage over the ordinary hot and cold water mixing chamber whichimpact directly, and also an Vimprovement over the more intricate andexpensive forms of mixing chambers designed to accomplish a somewhatsimilar purpose.

The circular motion imparted to the water by the discharge from thecurved ducts 8 against the walls of mixing chamber 1 ef-V fects acomplete and even mixing or tempering of the water so that the outiiowfrom either outlet 10 lor l1 is always evenly mixed throu hout andprevents the' separate or straig t currents of hot and cold 'watersometimes found in ordinary mixers, although permitting when desired thedelivery of either hot or cold water.

The ends of ducts 8 may be fof the round `no direct component opposingthe maaien grips 12.

It 1s obvious that. Various immaterial modifications may be made in thestructural shape and size of the several parts .0f this device withoutdeparting from .the spirit of my invention, hencel I do not wish to beunderstood as limiting'myself to the exact trated ror described nor tothe uses mentioned.

, l am aware rthat prior to my invention Vhot and cold water mixingdevices have been made containing somewhat similar general featuresfandstructural partsv of my device, but not of this tylpe with as few,simple parts, nor apparent y with the utilization of the principle'ofdischarging the water in opposite directions plast or beyond the outletopenin s throng bent inlet ducts, or with per orations inclined towardthe free ends vof said ducts, as described,` therefore, I do not claimsuch a device broadly, but having described my invention, what I claimis 1'- 1. A. hot and cold water mixing device consisting of ar castingprovided with a chamber therein, two curved inlet ducts within thechamber each capable of discharging water in opposite directionstherein, said ducts passing on the opposite sides of the axis of-twooutlet pipes a short distance beyond said outlet pipes, thereby havingno direct component opposing the How of water therefrom, two outletpipes for discharging the mixed water, and means for attaching saidmembers together, subform or combination of parts'herein illus lill@stantially as and for the purpose described.

2. A' hot and cold water mixing device consisting of a cylindricalcasting provided with a chamber therein, a multiple of curved inletducts integral with the casting but diverging from the central plane,within said chamber, each duct being provided near the free end thereofwith perforations inclined toward the outle'tthereot capable ofdischarging vwater in opposite directions therein and the free ends ofsaid ducts passing on the opposite sides of the axis of a multiple ofoutlet openin a short' distance beyond said outlet openings,l whereby.the water discharged from said ductsy will have ow therefrom, a multipleof outlet pipes for discharging the water, and means for at lig@ tachingsaid members together, substantially as and for the purposedescribed.

3. In combination, a hot and cold Water mixing device, consisting of acylindrical casting provided with a mixing chamber therein, a multipleof curved inlet ducts integral with said casting and within saidchamber, each duct being provided near the free end thereof withperforations inclined toward the outlet thereof capable of dischargingeither or both the hot and cold water in opposite directions therein,the free ends of said ducts passing on the 0pposite sides of the axis ofa multiple of outlet openings and short distance'beyond said `outletopenings wherebyA `the Water discharged from said' ducts will have nodirect component opposing the flow, a multiple of threaded 1nlet pipesattached to said casting, a multiple of 'valves attached to said inletpipes, a multiple of hand-grips attached to and inserted in said valvesfor controlling the entrance of water into said mixing chamber, amultiple of threaded outlet pipes entering'sa-d mixing chamber a shortdistance away from said perforated inlet ducts', a multiple of outletvalves attached to said outlet pipes, a multiple of hand-grips attachedto and inserted in said valves for controlling the discharge of themixed Water from said mixing' chamber, and means for attaching allsaidmembers together, substantially .as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the 4 presenceof ltwo witnesses. a v -4 FRED W. HALDER.

Witnesses:

M. F. EDWARDS, EMMA THOMSON.

